{"id":8015,"date":"2023-07-17T15:23:31","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T07:23:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/?p=8015"},"modified":"2024-02-27T19:26:31","modified_gmt":"2024-02-27T11:26:31","slug":"cryo-chip-overcomes-obstacle-to-large-scale-quantum-computers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/cryo-chip-overcomes-obstacle-to-large-scale-quantum-computers\/","title":{"rendered":"Chip Cryo v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn"},"content":{"rendered":"

QuTech \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. QuTech, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa TU Delft v\u00e0 TNO, v\u00e0 Intel \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qubit \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qubit v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t con chip. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ISSCC \u1edf San Francisco.<\/p>\n

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M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/h2>\n

\u201cK\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/a>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f3m Fabio Sebastiano t\u1eeb QuTech v\u00e0 Khoa K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n, To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc M\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/h2>\n

Sebastiano cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. "C\u00e1c\u00a0th\u00f4ng tin l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong qubit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb khi qubit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (-273 \u0111\u1ed9 C ho\u1eb7c 0 Kelvin). V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, qubit th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p t\u1edbi 0,01 K, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4<\/h2>\n

C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i qubit v\u1edbi\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/a>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u1ea3 thi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qubit nh\u1ecf hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u qubit c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u1eefu \u00edch. Sebastiano cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng camera 12 megapixel tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng n\u1ed1i t\u1eebng pixel trong s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u pixel v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t\u201d. \u201cM\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qubit \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p (l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh), \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c qubit c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n

s\u01b0\u1eddn ng\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n

QuTech \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Intel \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Horse Ridge\u2014m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Oregon. Sebastiano: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p CMOS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1edbi 128 qubit, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 3 K (-270 \u00b0C) v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch cryo-CMOS.\u201d<\/p>\n

CMOS (ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn oxit kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed5 sung) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CMOS cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.\u00a0Chu tr\u00ecnh<\/a>\u00a0bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n, theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\"Cryo-chip
Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh \u0111ang l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qubit v\u00e0 Horse Ridge. \u0110\u1ea7u ra Horse Ridge hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. T\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i qua ph\u1ea3i: Bishnu Patra, Jeroen van Dijk, Xiao Xue, Fabio Sebastiano (c\u1ea7m qubit), Lieven Vandersypen, Masoud Babaie (c\u1ea7m Horse Ridge). T\u00edn d\u1ee5ng: Ernst de Groot cho QuTech<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

M\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 qubit<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t qubit quay th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Qubit spin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean qubit \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Sebastiano: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch cryo-CMOS ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng quay\u00a0qubit<\/a>.”<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t con chip<\/h2>\n

Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Sebastiano cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cQubit spin d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean 1,5 K\u201d. \u201cM\u1ea1ch cryo-CMOS c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 3 K. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y\u00a0nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/a>\u00a0kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 qubit v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c chip, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn.\u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

QuTech has resolved a major issue on the road toward a working large-scale quantum computer. QuTech, a collaboration of TU Delft and TNO, and Intel have designed and fabricated an integrated circuit that can controlling qubits at extremely low temperatures. This paves the way for the crucial integration of qubits and their controlling electronics in<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,321],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8015"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8015"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8015\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8026,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8015\/revisions\/8026"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8015"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8015"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}