{"id":7968,"date":"2023-07-17T14:53:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T06:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/?p=7968"},"modified":"2023-07-17T14:54:05","modified_gmt":"2023-07-17T06:54:05","slug":"leaky-wave-metasurfaces-a-perfect-interface-between-free-space-and-integrated-optical-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.huashu-tech.com\/vi\/leaky-wave-metasurfaces-a-perfect-interface-between-free-space-and-integrated-optical-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"Si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9: M\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang h\u1ecdc t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Columbia Engineering \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quang t\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi\u2014\u201dsi\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9\u201d\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng quang th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng quang h\u1ecdc t\u00f9y \u00fd trong kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do quang h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9, pha, \u0111\u1ed9 elip ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c\u2014m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

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B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi\u00a0m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p quang t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0(PIC), ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh quang h\u1ecdc, LIDAR (Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi), truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quang h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Nanfang Yu, c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t vui m\u1eebng khi t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i quang h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 quang t\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Hai n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quang h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau\u201d. gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 to\u00e1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quang t\u1eed nano.<\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lai t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u2014quang h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 quang t\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc\u2014\u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 quang h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, quang h\u1ecdc, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.\u201d m\u1ea1ng, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chip v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ba chi\u1ec1u.\u201d<\/p>\n

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\"Leaky-wave
B\u00ean tr\u00e1i: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hai si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ng Kagome. Ph\u1ea3i: \u1ea2nh SEM c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 nano \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp polymer ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng silicon nitride. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Heqing Huang, Adam Overvig v\u00e0 Nanfang Yu\/Columbia Engineering<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i quang h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 quang t\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i PIC v\u00e0 quang h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng\u2014m\u1ed9t g\u1edd m\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean chip\u2014th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Yu \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i v\u1ec1 \u201csi\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t phi ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m\u201d v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do sang \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng d\u1ea1ng c\u00f4n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m\u2014m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecdc theo con chip. Heqing Huang, m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh hai s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c giao \u2013 nh\u1eefng s\u00f3ng g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra khi g\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y\u201d. sinh vi\u00ean trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Yu v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n h\u00f4m nay tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed\u00a0C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/i>.<\/p>\n

\u201cDo \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t 'si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9' bao g\u1ed3m hai b\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng l\u1ec7ch nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp hai s\u00f3ng d\u1eebng n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9, pha v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n

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\"Leaky-wave
Hai h\u00ecnh b\u00ean tr\u00e1i: Hai h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ba chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u1edf hai kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau so v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. B\u1ed1n h\u00ecnh b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i: B\u1ed1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ba chi\u1ec1u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf hai kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau so v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u1edf hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c giao. Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Heqing Huang, Adam Overvig v\u00e0 Nanfang Yu\/Columbia Engineering<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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T\u1eeb quang h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ba chi\u1ec1u 3D<\/h2>\n

Nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Yu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u si\u00eau b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecdc theo \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 trong kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t s\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 300 l\u1ea7n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng. b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 1,55 micron. Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c:<\/p>\n